Bills of materials
A bill of materials (BOM) states which materials, and how much of each, are needed for the base quantity of a produced item (semi-finished or finished product). Production orders, planned orders and MRP calculate material requirements from it. The BOM's content is held in revisions: a revision is first created as Taslak (Draft), is finalized with Yayınla (Publish) and never changes again; changes are made with a new revision.
Screen/erp/manufacturing/bomserp-manufacturing-boms.view (görme, Yapılandırarak Dene) · .create (yeni ağaç, Üretim Ağacına Kopyala) · .edit (revizyon açma, düzenleme, yayınlama, başlık) · .import (İçe Aktar)BOM list
Üretim › Ana Veriler › Ürün Ağaçları (Production › Master Data › Bills of Materials) lists the BOMs of each output item. BOMs are not deleted.
- 1New bill of material
- 2Usage filter — production or engineering
- 3Released revision and open draft
- 4Click the output item to open the BOM
- 5Bulk import from Excel
| Column | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Çıktı Kartı (Output Item) | The item the BOM produces (name and code). Clicking it opens the BOM details. |
| Alternatif (Alternative) | The BOM number of the same item in the same usage (Alt. 1, Alt. 2…) and its name. |
| Revizyon Durumu (Revision Status) | The published revision and an open draft, if any. |
| Revizyon (Revisions) | Total number of revisions. |
| Kayıt (Record) | The BOM's record number. |
Filters: Ara (Search; output item code or name) and Kullanım (Usage; Tümü (All), Üretim (Production), Mühendislik (Engineering)). Dışa Aktar (Export) and İçe Aktar (Import) transfer BOMs in bulk with an Excel workbook.
Usage: Production and Engineering
| Usage | Purpose | Planning and orders |
|---|---|---|
| Üretim (Production) | The recipe for actual production. | Planning, planned orders, MRP and production orders read only production BOMs. |
| Mühendislik (Engineering) | Design BOM (product in the design phase). | Not used in planning, explosion or production orders. When ready, it is transferred to production with Üretim Ağacına Kopyala (Copy to Production BOM). |
Alternative BOMs and lot size
An item can have several BOMs in the same usage: when a second BOM is saved, it becomes the next alternative. Each alternative has an Alternatif adı (Alternative name) and a Parti büyüklüğü (Lot size; minimum – maximum, in the item's base unit, limits included; blank = any quantity).
- If a production version is defined, planning and orders select the BOM from the version.
- If there is no version, planning selects the lowest-numbered alternative that covers the quantity. If no alternative matches, no BOM is selected (Multi-level bill of materials shows this as "Parti büyüklüğüne uyan alternatif yok" — No alternative matching the lot size).
- A user who opens a production order manually can also select an alternative outside the range.
BOM details
The BOM details show all revisions of the BOM and their validity.
- 1Release the draft
- 2Copy engineering BOM to production
- 3Revision effective today
- 4Usage, alternative name, lot size
- 5Revision valid-from date
| Section | Content |
|---|---|
| Özet (Summary) | Çıktı Kartı (Output Item), Toplam Revizyon (Total Revisions), Yayında (Published; the most recently published revision), Bugün etkin (Effective today; the revision valid today; if its validity has not started yet, "Geçerliliği henüz başlamadı" — Validity has not started yet). |
| Değişmezlik ve geçerlilik (Immutability and validity) | Rule reminder: a published revision cannot be changed or deleted. |
| Kullanım ve Alternatif (Usage and Alternative) | Kullanım (Usage), Alternatif (Alternative), Parti büyüklüğü (Lot size) and the other BOMs of the same item. Başlığı Düzenle (Edit Header) can also be opened here. |
| Revizyonlar (Revisions) | The revision list, newest at the top. |
Buttons in the header:
| Button | When it is shown | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| Yayınla (Rev. N) (Publish, Rev. N) | When there is a draft revision, with the edit permission | Opens the publish window (Publish a BOM). |
| Yeni Revizyon (New Revision) | When there is no draft, with the edit permission | Opens the new draft revision form (Open a revision). |
| Çok Seviyeli Göster (Show Multi-Level) | On a production BOM with a published revision | Opens the item's multi-level explosion. |
| Üretim Ağacına Kopyala (Copy to Production BOM) | On an engineering BOM, with the create permission | Copies the most recently published revision (or the draft if there is none) as a new production alternative. |
| Başlığı Düzenle (Edit Header) | With the edit permission | Changes Kullanım (Usage), Alternatif adı (Alternative name) and Parti büyüklüğü (Lot size). The range immediately affects the next MRP run and order selection; the content of published revisions does not change. |
- 1New Revision — only when no draft exists
- 2Multi-level explosion
- 3Revision status
Revisions table
| Column | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Revizyon (Revision) | Revision number; the Etkin (Effective) badge next to the one valid today. |
| Durum (Status) | Taslak (Draft) or Yayınlandı (Published). |
| Temel Çıktı (Base Output) | The revision's base quantity and unit. |
| Yayın Tarihi (Release Date) | The day it was published. |
| Geçerlilik (Validity) | The first day on which the revision is valid. |
| Değişiklik No (Change No.) | The number, if the revision was published with a change number. |
| İşlem (Action) | The İşlemler (Actions) menu: Görüntüle (View); on a draft also Düzenle (Edit) and Yayınla (Publish). |
Revision statuses
| Status | Meaning | Allowed actions |
|---|---|---|
| Taslak (Draft) | The revision being prepared. A BOM can have only one draft at a time. | Düzenle (Edit), Yayınla (Publish). A draft is not deleted; it is corrected or published. |
| Yayınlandı (Published) | The finalized production definition. | No changes at all. For changes, Yeni Revizyon (New Revision). A published revision does not return to draft. |
Validity and effective revision
- A revision published without selecting a change number is valid from the release date.
- A revision published with a change number is valid from the number's valid-from date; until that day the previous revision remains effective.
- The effective revision is the highest-numbered revision whose validity has started on that day. MRP explodes a planned order with the BOM valid on its start date.
- Publishing does not affect existing production orders: each order selects its own revision, and the material requirements of a released order stay frozen. On a manually opened production order, the plan list shows only revisions that are published and whose validity has started; engineering BOMs are not shown.
Revision details
The revision details show Tanım (Definition; Temel Çıktı Miktarı (Base Output Quantity), Malzeme Satırı (Material Lines), Montaj Firesi (Assembly Scrap), release and validity information) and the Malzemeler (Materials) table (Sıra (Seq.), Malzeme (Material), Miktar (Quantity), Birim (Unit)). A draft revision has Düzenle (Edit) and Yayınla (Publish) in the header; a published revision has no change buttons.
- 1Edit — draft only
- 2Release
- 3Component scrap
- 4Backflushed line
Notes below the material cell:
| Note | Meaning |
|---|---|
| + %N fire (+ N% scrap) | Component scrap; on the order the requirement increases by this percentage. |
| Geri sarf — çıktı üretilen orana göre sarf eder (Backflush — consumes in proportion to output produced) | A backflush line. |
| N alternatif · Strateji: … (N alternatives · Strategy: …) | The line's alternative items and strategy; alternatives are listed under the primary with the Alternatif: (Alternative:) prefix. |
| Rule text | In the BOM of a configurable product, the line's condition and formula (Conditions). |
| Yapılandırılabilir bileşen (Configurable component) | The component itself is configurable; any value transfers are written as KOD := ifade (code := expression). |
A revision with by-products and co-products also shows the Yan / Ortak Ürünler (By-Products / Co-Products) table (No, Kart (Item), Tür (Type), Miktar (Quantity), Birim (Unit), Maliyet Payı (Cost Share)).
BOM form
Ürün Ağacı Oluştur (Create Bill of Materials), Yeni Revizyon (New Revision) and draft Düzenle (Edit) use the same form.
- 1Output item — produced items only
- 2Base quantity — line quantities refer to it
- 3Usage — Production or Engineering
- 4Add Material — pick several items
- 5Component scrap (%)
- 6Backflush — consumed automatically with output
- 7Save — draft revision 1 is created
BOM Definition
| Field | Rule |
|---|---|
| Çıktı Kartı (Output Item; required) | Only items flagged as "Üretim ürünü" (Production product; semi-finished, finished) are listed. A BOM cannot be defined for an inactive item or a service item. Cannot be changed in a revision; for a different item, create a new BOM. |
| Temel Miktar (Base Quantity; required) | The output quantity and unit to which the line quantities refer. Greater than zero; an integer for a serial-number-managed output. On the order the requirement is scaled as satır × plan / temel (line × plan / base). |
| Montaj Firesi (%) (Assembly Scrap, %) | Blank = no scrap. All components increase by this percentage; the planned output does not change. Between 0 and 100 (100 excluded), at most two decimals. |
| Kullanım (Usage) | Üretim (Production) or Mühendislik (Engineering) (only on a new BOM). |
| Alternatif adı (Alternative name) | Short name of the alternative (e.g. "Büyük parti, fason montaj" — Large lot, subcontracted assembly). |
| Parti büyüklüğü (Lot size) | Minimum – maximum; blank = unlimited. The lower limit cannot be greater than the upper limit. |
Materials
In the Malzeme Ekle (Add Material) window you can select several items; each becomes a separate line. Boş Satır (Empty Line) is for entering a code by typing it. At least one line is required.
| Field | Rule |
|---|---|
| Malzeme Kartı (Material Item) | Type a code or name and press [[Enter]]; the magnifier or [[F4]] opens the list. The BOM's own output item, an inactive item and a service item cannot be selected. |
| Miktar (Quantity) | Per base quantity. Greater than zero; an integer for a serial-number-managed component; up to the decimal precision of the unit. |
| Birim (Unit) | One of the item's units; must be convertible to the base unit. |
| Bileşen firesi (%) (Component scrap, %) | On the order the requirement is ölçeklenen × (1 + fire/100) (scaled × (1 + scrap/100)), rounded up to the precision of the unit. Alternatives increase too. |
| Geri sarf (Backflush) | A ticked component is consumed automatically in the planned proportion when output is posted (alternatives too). A serial-number-managed component is not backflushed. |
| Alternatif › Ekle (Alternative › Add) | Adds an allowed alternative item to the line (in order of priority). On a line without alternatives, the item is required. |
An item can appear in a revision only once, as either primary or alternative. The only exception is the BOM of a configurable product: two lines whose option conditions exclude each other can carry the same item (Conditions).
Alternative strategy
On a line with alternatives, a Strateji (Strategy) is selected:
| Strategy | Behavior |
|---|---|
| Öncelik (Priority) | The primary item carries the entire requirement. If the primary's stock is insufficient, the alternatives are proposed in this order on the production order; the planner makes the choice. |
| Kullanım olasılığı (Usage probability) | An Olasılık % (Probability %) is entered for each alternative; the requirement is split by this ratio (order release, draft preview, MRP). The remaining share belongs to the primary (Birincil kart payı, Primary item share); the total cannot exceed 100. |
By-Products / Co-Products
Products that arise together with the order's output (at most 20 lines). Added with Yan / Ortak Ürün Ekle (Add By-Product / Co-Product).
| Field | Rule |
|---|---|
| Kart (Item) | A stock-managed item. Cannot be the BOM's output or a component of the same revision; an item only once. Cannot be a configurable parent item. |
| Miktar, Birim (Quantity, Unit) | Per base quantity of the output; greater than zero, at most 6 decimals. |
| Tür (Type) | Yan ürün (By-product; enters at its current value, and the value is deducted from the order's cost) or Ortak ürün (Co-product; shares the cost by its share). |
| Maliyet payı (%) (Cost share, %) | Only for a co-product; between 0 and 100 (exclusive). The total of the co-products' shares must be less than 100 — the remainder belongs to the main product. |
MRP does not count by-products and co-products as components. The by-products/co-products of a published revision do not change.
BOM of a configurable product (super BOM)
If the output item is configurable, the BOM carries all options and a rule can be written on each line: in the edit form, the line's Kuralı Düzenle (Edit Rule) icon opens the Satır Kuralı (Line Rule) window (option condition, expression condition, formula quantity). On the line of a configurable component, a value transfer (calculating the component's characteristic from the parent product's values) is also written; such a line cannot carry alternatives.
The Yapılandırarak Dene (Try by Configuring) button in the revision details shows, without saving, which lines would come into the order and in what quantity with the characteristic values entered.
- 1Try With Configuration — test with values
- 2Line rule (condition)
Language and examples of conditions: Conditions. Steps for trying: Try by configuring.
Common messages
| Message | English meaning | Cause / solution |
|---|---|---|
| Bu ürün ağacında zaten düzenlenebilir bir taslak revizyon var. Önce mevcut taslağı yayınlayın ya da güncelleyin. | This BOM already has an editable draft revision. Publish or update the existing draft first. | A new revision cannot be opened while the BOM has a draft. |
| Yayınlanmış revizyon değiştirilemez. Değişiklik için yeni bir taslak revizyon oluşturun. | A published revision cannot be changed. Create a new draft revision for changes. | An attempt was made to edit a published revision. |
| Yalnız Taslak durumundaki revizyon yayınlanabilir. | Only a revision in Draft status can be published. | The revision was published in another session; refresh the page. |
| Bu revizyon yayınlanırsa ürün ağacı grafında döngü oluşur — bir malzeme zinciri dolaylı olarak bu çıktı kartına geri dönüyor. | If this revision is published, a loop is created in the BOM graph — a material chain leads back indirectly to this output item. | One of the sub-BOMs uses this item (indirectly) as a component. |
| Ürün ağacı kendi çıktı kartını malzeme olarak içeremez. | A BOM cannot contain its own output item as a material. | The output item was entered on a line. |
| Aynı stok kartı bir revizyonda yalnız bir malzeme satırında yer alabilir. | The same stock item can appear on only one material line in a revision. | The same item on two lines; merge the lines. |
| Bir stok kartı bir revizyonda birincil ya da alternatif olarak yalnız bir kez yer alabilir. | A stock item can appear only once in a revision, as primary or alternative. | The item is both primary and alternative. |
| Revizyon en az bir malzeme satırı içermelidir. | A revision must contain at least one material line. | An attempt was made to save without lines. |
| '…' seri takipli — malzeme miktarı tam sayı olmalıdır. | '…' is serial-number managed — the material quantity must be an integer. | A decimal quantity was entered for a serial-number-managed component. |
| '…' pasif — pasif stok kartı ürün ağacında kullanılamaz. | '…' is inactive — an inactive stock item cannot be used in a BOM. | The item has been deactivated. |
| Bu kartın bu kullanımda en çok … alternatif ağacı olabilir. | This item can have at most … alternative BOMs in this usage. | The alternative limit has been reached. |
| Ürün ağacı başka bir kullanıcı tarafından değiştirildi. Sayfayı yenileyin. | The BOM was changed by another user. Refresh the page. | Two people edited at the same time; use Ürün ağacını yeniden yükle (Reload BOM). |